在英语教学中学习者的先前知识,或图式知识是影响外语学习的重要因素。因此能否激活图式至关重要。图式包括三种形式:语言图式,内容图式和形式图式。传统“自下而上”和“自上而下”的阅读模式只强调其中某一种图式的激活,交替模式则主张将两种模式结合的阅读模式。因此,在英语阅读教学种教师不仅要注重激活学生的语言图式,更要注重其内容和形式图式的激活。 Learners’ prior knowledge or schema knowledge in English teaching is an important factor that influences foreign language learning. So it is important to activate the schema. Schemas include three forms: language schema, content schema and formal schema. The traditional “bottom-up” and “top-down” reading modes only emphasize the activation of one of the schemas. Alternating mode advocates a reading mode that combines the two modes. Therefore, teachers of English reading teaching should not only focus on activating students’ language schema, but also pay more attention to the activation of their content and formal schema.