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目的:分析2016—2018年全国自身免疫性肝病相关自身抗体检测质量调查结果，了解国内相关自身抗体的检测现状，为开展质量评价及指南的制定提供参考数据。方法:参评项目包括抗线粒体抗体（AMA）、抗线粒体抗体M2亚型（AMA-M2）抗体、抗平滑肌抗体（ASMA）、抗SP100抗体和抗GP210抗体。依托中国医院协会网络平台，采用双盲操作，使用Excel软件对检测结果进行统计学分析。结果:质量调查参评单位遍及全国27个省、市、自治区，3年内共225家单位参加：2016年22家，占9.7%；2017年65家,占47.1%；2018年138家，占61.3%。2016—2018年各项检测结果符合率（定性）：AMA为97.1%、94.6%和96.7%；AMA-M2抗体为96.9%（2017年）和99.1%（2018年）；ASMA为92.4%、94.8%和95.7%；抗GP210抗体为100.0%、97.1%和97.6%；抗SP100抗体为100.0%、99.3%和98.9%。其中2018年调查显示各参加单位的主流检测方法为：AMA为间接免疫荧光法97.1%（101/104）；ASMA为间接免疫荧光法100.0%（108/108）；抗AMA-M2为免疫印迹法80.9%（110/136）；抗GP210抗体为免疫印迹法87.9% （94/107）；抗SP100抗体为免疫印迹法88.0%（95/108）。自身免疫性肝病相关自身抗体的检测中，ASMA阳性符合率（定性）最低，分别为：76.2%（2016）、81.5%（2017）和81.5%（2018）。各项目定量方法结果差异较大，未做综合分析。结论:参评单位自身免疫性肝病相关自身抗体检测定性结果符合率较高，其中ASMA的检测符合率仍有待进一步提升。“,”Objective:To investigate the current quality of detection of autoimmune liver disease (AILD) related autoantibodies by reviewing 2016--2018 nation wide survey results. To provide reference data for quality assessment and guidance of such inspection items.Methods:Anti-mitochondrial antibody (AMA), anti-AMA-M2 antibody, anti-smooth muscle antibody (ASMA), anti-GP210 antibody and anti-SP100 antibody were included in the survey. The survey was carried out in a double-blind manner based on the association's network platform. Statistical analysis was performed by Excel software.Results:Institutes participated in the survey covered 27 provinces, cities and autonomous regions in China, including 225 labs participated the survey within 3 years: 22 in 2016, accounting for 9.7%; 65 in 2017, accounting for 47.1%; 138 in 2018, accounting for 61.3%. The accuracy rates of qualitative test during 2016—2018 survey were 97.1%, 94.6% and 96.7% (AMA); 96.9% (2017) and 99.1% (2018) (AMA-M2); 92.4%, 94.8% and 95.7% (ASMA); 100.0%, 97.1% and 97.6% (anti-GP210); 100.0%, 99.3% and 98.9% (anti-SP100), respectively. The major assays for each item in 2018 survey were: AMA 97.1% (101/104) by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF), ASMA 100.0%(108/108) by IIF, AMA-M2 80.9%(110/136) by IB, anti-GP210 87.9%(94/107) by immunoblotting (IB), anti-SP100 88.0%(95/108) by IB. In the detection of autoantibodies related to autoimmune liver disease, the positive consistency rate of ASMA (qualitative) was the lowest: 76.2%(2016), 81.5%(2017) and 81.5%(2018), respectively. Due to the great difference in the feedback results of quantitative assays for each item, no comprehensive analysis was made.Conclusion:Laboratories participated in the survey have high accuracy rates of qualitative testing for AILD related autoantibodies. The accuracy rates of ASMA testing by indirect immunofluorescence need to be improved.