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目的了解广西1990～2008年流行性乙型脑炎(简称乙脑)的动态变化趋势和流行病学特征,为探索经济有效的乙脑预防控制策略提供依据。方法对1990～2008年法定传染病报告系统的数据资料进行描述性分析。结果 1990～2008年共报告乙脑病例7973例,死亡608例,年均发病率为0.93/10万,年均病死率为7.63%;乙脑报告发病率总体呈逐年下降趋势,个别年份波动较大,病例主要集中在河池、玉林、百色、贵港、钦州等市,发病季节性明显,5～8月份为流行季节,以<15岁儿童发病为主,无向大年龄移位趋势。结论广西乙脑发病率总体呈下降趋势,表明乙脑预防控制取得显著成效,但个别年份发病率波动较大,仍存在局部暴发流行的隐患,今后几年应采取疫苗取常规免疫和季节性突击接种相结合的措施。
Objective To understand the dynamic trend and epidemiological characteristics of Japanese encephalitis (JE) from 1990 to 2008 in Guangxi and provide evidence for exploring a cost-effective prevention and control strategy for JE. Methods A descriptive analysis of the data of the notifiable infectious disease reporting system from 1990 to 2008 was conducted. Results A total of 7973 cases of Japanese encephalitis were reported from 1990 to 2008, with 608 cases of death. The average annual incidence rate was 0.93 / 100 000 with an average annual mortality rate of 7.63%. The overall incidence of Japanese encephalitis decreased year by year. Large, the cases are mainly concentrated in Hechi, Yulin, Baise, Guigang, Qinzhou and other cities, the onset of seasonal obvious, 5 to August for the epidemic season, mainly in children <15 years of age, no trend of large age shift. Conclusions The incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Guangxi is declining overall, indicating that prevention and control of Japanese encephalitis have achieved remarkable results. However, the incidence of encephalitis in some years fluctuates greatly and there are still some hidden dangers of local outbreaks. In the next few years, the routine immunization and seasonal assault should be taken Vaccination combined measures.