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我国刑事司法鉴定启动制度的法律设置,既不同于英美法系的当事人启动机制,也不同于大陆法系的司法官启动机制,而是介于两者间的拓展化的法官委托鉴定制。其存在控方权力过大、启动权分散、证明责任与鉴定启动权无法衔接等问题。如何在兼顾利益平衡、符合社会公平正义的基础上,通过重新分配鉴定启动权、实现司法鉴定的合法性和公正性,并在立法和司法中得以认可,是破解当前鉴定困境之可能方法。
The legal setup of the initiation system of criminal judicial appraisal in our country is different from the starting mechanism of the parties in Anglo-American legal system as well as the initiation mechanism of the magistrate in the civil law system. However, it is an extended judicial commission appraisal system. The existence of the prosecution’s power is too large, the decentralization of start-up power, proof of responsibility and the identification of the right to start the convergence of such issues. How to strike a balance between interests and accord with social fairness and justice can be achieved by redistributing and appraising the right of starting up, realizing the legitimacy and fairness of forensic appraisal and recognizing it in legislation and judicature, which is a possible way to solve the current appraisal predicament.