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本文利用全国31个省的省级数据,采用利益归宿分析方法,考察了我国学前教育公共支出的受益分布。结果表明:人均GDP最高地区、东部地区为我国学前教育公共支出的最大受益者,其他地区均为学前教育公共支出利益受损者,其中最大受损者并非在人均GDP最低地区和西部地区,而是在人均GDP次低地区和中部地区。这一格局在2003-2008年的6年间并未出现实质性的变化。相反,受益差距在不同地区却呈现出一定的扩大趋势。政府投入不足,政府间责任分工缺乏有力的制度约束,以及公共支出投向偏差是造成当前学前教育公共支出不公平的主要原因。尽快补足学前教育短板,将政府以及各级政府间在学前教育投入的责任具体、明确,做到有章可循,扶持民办幼儿园健康发展,是进一步提高学前教育公共支出的有效途径。
Based on the provincial data of 31 provinces in China, this paper analyzes the benefit distribution of public expenditure on pre-primary education in China using the method of benefit-end -orientation analysis. The results show that: the highest per capita GDP and the eastern region are the biggest beneficiaries of preschool education public expenditure in our country, while the rest are prejudiced public expenditure benefits of pre-school education. The biggest losers are not the lowest per capita GDP and the western region, It is in areas with low per capita GDP and in the middle areas. This pattern has not changed substantively in the six years 2003-2008. On the contrary, the benefit gap has shown a certain trend of expansion in different regions. Lack of government investment, the absence of a strong institutional constraint on the division of responsibilities among governments, and deviations in public spending are the main reasons for the unfairness in public spending on pre-primary education. As soon as possible to make up for the shortcomings of pre-school education, the government and all levels of government in pre-school education responsibility specific, clear, and abided by the rules and regulations to support the healthy development of private kindergartens is to further improve pre-school public spending an effective way.