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本文针对大型公共建筑用热温位要求多、运行工况多的特点,提出了一种多工况建筑用能系统综合与设计的方法,以提高系统的能量利用效率。首先,通过对用能温度品位高低进行分类,将各温位的热需求和废(余)热(如空调冷凝热等)以冷、热物流的形式组成了能量回收再利用网络。根据组成该网络的各冷、热物流的时间特性,对整个运行时间分段离散化,将问题转化为确定性的多周期优化问题。而后,以年度总费用(包括投资折旧费用和运行费用)最小为目标,建立了建筑物用能及回收系统综合与设计多周期优化的模型,并采用基于夹点分析的方法进行了求解。最后,应用本文提出的综合与优化方法,对某酒店建筑进行了系统综合与优化设计,得到了最优设计方案以及各周期的换热匹配方案,与未考虑系统综合和优化设计的结果相比,可节约10.7%的年度总费用,表明本文提出的方法在建筑能量系统应用中具有一定的实用性和有效性。
In this paper, according to the characteristics of large public buildings with many requirements of thermal temperature and operating conditions, a method of comprehensive energy system construction and design is proposed to improve the energy efficiency of the system. First of all, through the classification of energy temperature grade, the heat demand and waste heat (such as air-conditioning condensation heat etc.) of each temperature level form an energy recovery and utilization network in the form of cold and hot logistics. According to the time characteristics of each cold and hot logistics which make up the network, the entire running time is discretized in stages, and the problem is transformed into a deterministic multi-period optimization problem. Then, with the goal of minimizing the total annual cost (including investment depreciation expense and running cost), a multi-period optimization model of comprehensive energy consumption and recovery system was established and solved by the method of pinch-point analysis. Finally, the synthesis and optimization methods proposed in this paper are used to systematically synthesize and optimize the design of a hotel building. The optimal design scheme and the heat exchange matching scheme of each cycle are obtained. Compared with the results without considering the system synthesis and optimization design , Can save 10.7% of the annual total cost, indicating that the method proposed in this paper has some practical and effective in building energy system applications.