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目的:探讨发热门诊新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）鉴别诊断及临床实操。方法:以2020年1月20日—2020年2月3日首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院发热门诊筛查的22例COVID-19患者（病毒核酸检测阳性）、20例非COVID-19患者（病毒核酸检测阴性）为对象，比较两组患者的基本情况、流行病学、临床指标及胸部影像学特征。结果:与非COVID-19患者相比，COVID-19患者均有明确流行病学史，胸部CT可见单肺或双肺斑片状磨玻璃影，以胸膜下为主，两组间差异有统计学意义（n P<0.05）。n 结论:COVID-19疫情下，发热门诊对不同肺炎患者，除临床特征外，应重点关注流行病学及胸部影像学来综合判断，达到诊断及临床处置个体化。“,”Objective:To investigate the differential diagnosis strategy and clinical practice of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19).Methods:Twenty-two COVID-19 cases (viral nucleic acid positive) and 20 non-COVID-19 patients (viral nucleic acid negative) screened in fever clinic of Beijing Ditan Hospital from January 20, 2020 to February 3, 2020 were involved in this study. The demographic, epidemiological and clinical data, as well as chest imaging features of COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients were compared.Results:Compared to non-COVID-19 cases, COVID-19 cases had clear epidemiological history and chest CT showed ground glass opacity in unilateral or bilateral lungs, mainly under the pleura. The differences were statistically significant (n P<0.05).n Conclusions:During the epidemic of COVID-19, in addition to the clinical characteristics, the diagnosis in fever clinic should be focused on epidemiological history and chest imaging to make a comprehensive judgment, so as to achieve individualized diagnosis and clinical treatment.