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研究了在随机市场需求下由制造商、分销商和零售商组成的三级供应链的协调问题。首先针对供应链系统的全局协调,得出了系统的最优订购决策;其次设计了一种RS-TT联合契约协调机制,即在三级供应链中的两个交易过程中分别采取收益共享契约机制和两部收费制契约机制,包括(w,φ,ψ)和(,ψw,φ)两种形式,证明了通过制定合理的契约参数能够实现三级供应链系统的协调。通过契约参数的合理选择可以实现各企业的双赢,从而有助于改善企业在供应链中的行为决策能力和市场竞争能力,在合理的范围内契约参数的大小与企业的讨价还价能力有关;最后通过算例验证了RS-TT联合契约机制的有效性。
This paper studies the coordination of three-level supply chain composed of manufacturers, distributors and retailers under the random market demand. First of all, aiming at the global coordination of the supply chain system, the optimal ordering decision of the system is obtained. Secondly, an RS-TT contract coordination mechanism is designed, that is, the revenue sharing contract is taken in the two transaction processes in the three-level supply chain (W, φ, ψ) and (, ψw, φ), prove that the coordination of the three-level supply chain system can be realized by setting reasonable contract parameters. Through the reasonable choice of the contractual parameters, the win-win situation of all enterprises can be realized, which helps to improve the firm’s behavior decision-making ability and market competitiveness in the supply chain. Within a reasonable range, the size of the contractual parameters is related to the bargaining power of the enterprise. Finally, The example verifies the effectiveness of RS-TT joint contract mechanism.