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试验旨在研究色氨酸在2种饲料蛋白水平下对凡纳滨对虾幼虾摄食、生长、体成分和血清生化指标的影响。以鱼粉、豆粕和花生粕为主要蛋白源配制粗蛋白为43.6%和40.8%的2种基础饲料,分别添加2 500和1万mg/kg色氨酸制作4种添加饲料。选取960尾初始体质量为(1.95±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾,随机分成6组,每组4个重复,每重复40尾虾,分别投喂6种试验饲料。饲养周期为56 d。结果显示,43.6%蛋白组的成活率显著低于40.8%蛋白水平组(P<0.05),而43.6%蛋白水平组的终末体质量、增重率和特定生长率却显著高于40.8%蛋白水平组(P<0.05)。同一蛋白水平下添加色氨酸对成活率、终末体质量、增重率和特定生长率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。43.6%蛋白水平组的饲料系数显著低于40.8%蛋白水平组(P<0.05)。40.8%蛋白水平组的摄食量和日摄食率显著高于43.6%蛋白水平组(P<0.05),添加2 500和1万mg/kg色氨酸的摄食量显著高于不添加色氨酸的组(P<0.05)。蛋白水平和色氨酸水平对凡纳滨对虾的肝胰腺指数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。蛋白水平和色氨酸水平对凡纳滨对虾粗蛋白、粗脂肪、水分和粗灰分含量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。43.6%蛋白水平组血清中三酰甘油水平显著高于40.8%蛋白水平组(P<0.05),但不同色氨酸水平组差异不显著(P>0.05)。血清葡萄糖、尿酸、球蛋白和胆固醇含量在不同蛋白水平和色氨酸水平下均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果表明,2种蛋白水平饲料中添加色氨酸对凡纳滨对虾幼虾生长性能和血清生理生化指标均无显著影响,但可提高凡纳滨对虾幼虾的摄食量。
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tryptophan on feeding, growth, body composition and serum biochemical parameters of Juvenile Littoral shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei at two feed protein levels. Fish meal, soybean meal and peanut meal were used as the main protein sources to prepare two kinds of basal diet with 43.6% and 40.8% of crude protein respectively, and four kinds of supplemented feeds were prepared by adding 2 500 and 1 000 mg / kg tryptophan, respectively. Nine hundred and nine P. vannamei shrimp with initial body weight of (1.95 ± 0.01) g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 40 shrimp per replicate. Six experimental diets were fed. The breeding cycle is 56 days. The results showed that the survival rate of 43.6% protein group was significantly lower than that of 40.8% protein group (P <0.05), while the final body weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate of 43.6% protein group were significantly higher than 40.8% protein Level group (P <0.05). Adding tryptophan at the same protein level had no significant effect on the survival rate, body weight, weight gain rate and specific growth rate (P> 0.05). The feed efficiency of 43.6% protein group was significantly lower than that of 40.8% protein group (P <0.05). The food intake and daily feeding rate of 40.8% protein level group were significantly higher than that of 43.6% protein level group (P <0.05). The intake of tryptophan at 2 500 and 1 000 mg / kg was significantly higher than that without tryptophan addition Group (P <0.05). Protein levels and tryptophan levels had no significant effect on the hepatopancreas index of Litopenaeus vannamei (P> 0.05). The level of protein and tryptophan had no significant effect on crude protein, crude fat, moisture and crude ash content of Litopenaeus vannamei (P> 0.05). Serum triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the 43.6% protein group than in the 40.8% protein group (P <0.05), but not significantly different for the levels of tryptophan (P> 0.05). Serum glucose, uric acid, globulin and cholesterol levels at different protein levels and tryptophan levels were not significantly different (P> 0.05). The results showed that addition of tryptophan to feed of two protein levels had no significant effect on growth performance and serum physiological and biochemical indexes of juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei, but increased feed intake of shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei.