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微波遥感中的电波传播主要研究物体的幅射亮温和散射系数的空间分布及时间变化规律,建立地物特征与传播参数的关系。五年来我们利用X波段散射测量系统合理选择目标的独立样品数,使数据测量精度在2db内。并收集了典型地物的数据,其中包括水面、道路、机场等光滑表面;小麦、水稻、草场、树林等混合介质的随机表面层;房屋、岩石等复杂组合表面。根据实验结果分析得出了有意义的定量关系;开展了散射系数与土壤湿度和表面粗糙度相关性的研究;同时利用电磁散射理论分析方法求解了粗糙界面的散射系数及其功率谱密度,并与实验结果作了比较。
The radio wave propagation in microwave remote sensing mainly studies the spatial distribution and time variation of the object’s radiance and scattering coefficients, and establishes the relationship between the characteristics of the object and the propagation parameters. In the past five years, we have used the X-band scattering measurement system to rationally select the number of independent samples of the target so that the data measurement accuracy is within 2db. And collected data of typical features, including smooth surfaces such as water surfaces, roads and airports; random surface layers of mixed media such as wheat, rice, grassland and woods; and complex combinations of surfaces such as houses and rocks. The relationship between the scattering coefficient and the soil moisture and surface roughness was studied. The scattering coefficient and power spectral density of the rough interface were also solved by electromagnetic scattering theory analysis Compared with the experimental results.