在财政政策和货币政策的制定过程中,有一条我们常说的规律或者叫准则——“逆经济风向行事”。意思是这样的:总需求过大时,通过财政政策和货币政策的实施压缩总需求,比如减少政府转移支付,减少政府购买,提高法定准备金率,提高贴现率,卖出政府债券等;总需求过少时,通过财政政策和货币政策的实施扩大总需求,如增强政府转移支付,加强政府购买,买入政府债券等。政府为什么能够做到“逆经济风向”呢?因为政策制定者在正常情况下能够比广大投资者更先、更准确获得最新经济数据,通过这些数据作出对经济运行的判断。当经济状况发生转变的苗头时,立即 In the formulation of fiscal policy and monetary policy, there is a rule we often say or guideline - “reverse economic trend”. This means that when aggregate demand is too large, aggregate demand is reduced through the implementation of fiscal and monetary policies, such as reducing government transfer payments, reducing government purchases, raising the statutory reserve ratio, raising the discount rate, and selling government bonds; When the demand is too small, the total demand is expanded through the implementation of fiscal policies and monetary policies, such as increasing government transfer payments, strengthening government purchases and buying government bonds. Why is the government able to “reverse the economic wind?” Because policy-makers under normal circumstances can be more than the majority of investors first, more accurate access to the latest economic data, make use of these data to make judgments on the operation of the economy. When the signs of a change in economic conditions, immediately