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本文从比较文学与哲学互相渗透的角度 ,通过探讨比较文学所包括的各不相同的比较组合之间的联系 ,为比较文学提出一种新的定义 ,即 :“比较文学是文学平行本质的比较研究”。文章认为 ,比较文学所比较的对象 ,都是既有共同本质 ,又有特殊本质的文学领域、艺术领域或思维领域中的事物。这些事物互相之间既依存 ,又不可替代 ,与欧几里得几何学中平行线之间既保持同向 ,又不重叠 ,形成象喻关系 ,故称为“平行本质”事物。文章在新定义基础上 ,提出比较文学在方法论上具有需要平行双比较尺度 ,需要构筑平行双比较平台等思辨特征 ,并探讨了比较文学中统一性与多样性的哲学视角转换问题。
This paper proposes a new definition of comparative literature by exploring the connection between the different comparative combinations included in comparative literature from the perspective of the mutual penetration of comparative literature and philosophy: “Comparative literature is the comparison of the parallel nature of literature the study”. The article holds that the objects of comparative literature are all things in the fields of literature, art or thinking that have both the common essence and the special essence. These things are both dependent on each other, but also irreplaceable, and Euclidean geometry in parallel with both lines to maintain the same direction, without overlapping, the formation of metaphorical relationship, it is called “parallel essence” things. On the basis of the new definition, the article puts forward that comparative literature needs the method of parallelism and double comparison in methodology, and needs to construct the speculative features such as the platform of parallel double comparison, and discusses the transformation of philosophy perspective of unity and diversity in comparative literature.