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为明确北京地区亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus Bey-Bienko的迁飞来源,选取包含完整线粒体DNA的ND6、tRNA-Thr基因及侧翼ND4L、CYTB基因部分序列作为目的片段,采用DNA序列法分析来自北京及周边省市9个地理种群155个亚洲小车蝗样本的序列碱基组成、种群遗传多样性、种群结构及单倍型网络进化等。结果表明:在目的序列中共检测到多态性位点16个,鉴定出单倍型20种,分别占碱基总数和总样品量的1.88%和12.90%;核苷酸多样性为0.0012,单倍型多样性为0.66,种群间遗传分化系数绝对值≤0.51,种群内个体间遗传变异占总变异的86.88%,各种群遗传变异与空间距离间无显著相关性,供试样本总体上遗传变异程度相对较低。北京密云种群鉴定出的独享单倍型H14由单倍型H10经2次突变获得,H10被锡林郭勒和乌兰察布种群共享;北京密云与河北滦平、围场及内蒙古乌兰察布种群间基因流Nm绝对值分别为3.749、1.387和0.912,均高于密云种群与其它种群间的Nm绝对值;结合亚洲小车蝗在北京及周边地区出现的先后时序可知,内蒙古锡林郭勒、乌兰察布及河北滦平、围场是北京地区亚洲小车蝗的最主要迁飞来源。
In order to clarify the migration origin of Oedaleus asiaticus Bey-Bienko in Beijing area, ND6, tRNA-Thr gene and flanking ND4L and CYTB gene partial sequences containing complete mitochondrial DNA were selected as the target fragments. DNA sequence analysis Sequence base composition, population genetic diversity, population structure and haplotype network evolution of 155 Asian locust locust samples from 9 geographical populations of provinces and cities. The results showed that 16 polymorphic loci were detected in the sequence of interest, 20 haplotypes were identified, accounting for 1.88% and 12.90% of the total number of bases and the total sample size respectively. The nucleotide diversity was 0.0012 The haplotype diversity was 0.66, the absolute value of genetic differentiation coefficient was ≤0.51 between populations, and the genetic variation among individuals in the population accounted for 86.88% of the total variation. There was no significant correlation between genetic variation and spatial distance of each population, The degree of variation is relatively low. The unique haplotype H14 identified by Beijing Miyun population was obtained by 2 mutations of haplotype H10, H10 was shared by Xilin Gol and Wulanchabu populations, and between Miyun of Beijing and Luanping of Hebei Province and the Wulanchabu population of Inner Mongolia The absolute value of gene flow Nm was 3.749, 1.387 and 0.912, respectively, which were all higher than the absolute value of Nm between Miyun population and other populations. Based on the chronological order of Asian locust locust in Beijing and the surrounding areas, Xilin Gol, Inner Mongolia, Hebei Luanping, paddock is the most important source of migratory locusts in the Asian region of Beijing.