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《论语.里仁》曰:“父母在,不远游,游必有方。”句中“方”,《十三经注疏.论语注疏》保存了汉代郑玄的解释:“方,犹常也。”宋代邢昺进一步解释为“常所”,目前的《论语》注本大多把“有方”解释成“有固定的地方”,联系先秦时期其他典籍中“有方”的用例,“有方”义为“有道理”或“有原因”。《论语.公冶长》有“粪土之墙不可杇也”,现存《论语》的各种传世古注中,没有关于“粪土之墙”的解释,近年出版的《论语》注本,则多把“粪土之墙”解释为“污秽肮脏之墙”;《说文解字》:“粪,弃除也。”可见先秦时期“粪”是动词,是“弃除”的意思,那么,“粪土之墙”应以解释为“剥落泥土之墙”为宜,这样的墙,才真正“不可杇”。
“Analects of Confucius.” Ren said: “Parents in, not far from the tour, there must be a party.” The sentence “party”, “Thirteen by the Notes and Anx. Analects of Confucius Notes” save the interpretation of the Han Dynasty Zheng Xuan: “square, still normal. ”In the Song Dynasty, Xing Zhi was further explained as a“ permanent place, ”while most of the current Analects of Confucius explained“ having a prescription ”as“ a fixed place ”in connection with the“ useful ”use cases of other books in the pre-Qin period. Righteousness is “justified” or “for a reason.” “The Analects of Confucius. Gongye Chang” There is “the walls of the dwelling houses can not 杇 also”, the existing “Analects of Confucius” in all kinds of ancient remarks, there is no “wall of dung” explanation, published in recent years, “The Analects” notes, then more The “wall of dung” is interpreted as “dirty dirty wall”; “Shuowen Jiezi”: “dung, abandoned addition also.” Seen in the pre-Qin period “dung” is a verb, is “abandoned” meaning, The “wall of the dung” should be interpreted as “the wall that peels off the earth”, so that such a wall can not be truly “ineffective.”