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目的了解山西省阳泉市手足口病流行特征,为制定科学合理的防控措施提供依据。方法对2008-2011年网络直报系统的3328例手足口病例进行流行病学分析。结果 2008-2011年阳泉市共报告手足口病例3328例,其中重症4例、死亡1例。不同县(区)、不同年度间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=957.21,P<0.01)。以<5岁儿童发病为主,男童显著高于女童(χ2=64.78,P<0.01),发病有明显的季节性,高峰为5-7月。对181例手足口病例咽拭子进行病毒核酸检测,阳性92份,其中肠道病毒71型32例,柯萨奇病毒A组16型22例,其他肠道病毒38例。结论阳泉市手足口病的发病有明显的季节性,存在年龄、性别差异,今后的防控重点应放在5岁以下年龄组,尤其要加强对托幼机构手足口病的防控指导工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, and to provide a basis for establishing scientific and reasonable prevention and control measures. Methods The epidemiological analysis of 3328 hand, foot and mouth cases in the network direct reporting system during 2008-2011 was conducted. Results A total of 3328 cases of hand, foot and mouth were reported in Yangquan City from 2008 to 2011, including 4 severe cases and 1 death. In different counties (districts), the incidence of different years was statistically significant (χ2 = 957.21, P <0.01). Children aged <5 years were predominant, while boys were significantly higher than girls (χ2 = 64.78, P <0.01). The incidence was significantly seasonal and peaked from May to July. A total of 92 positive pharyngeal swabs were detected in 181 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease, including 32 cases of enterovirus 71, 22 cases of Coxsackievirus A, 16 cases of type A and 38 cases of other enteroviruses. Conclusion The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease in Yangquan City is obviously seasonal, with different age and gender. The focus of future prevention and control should be placed on the age group of under 5 years old, especially the prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease in nurseries.