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微重力地面模拟试验对验证航天器在轨运行的可靠性有重要意义。通常采用低刚度悬吊装置模拟微重力环境,但存在着承载能力低和自振干扰的问题。为解决这些问题,文章提出了一种考虑弹簧自振的准零刚度悬吊装置。首先,通过合理简化推导了承载弹簧在装置中的自振频率计算式,并分析了准零刚度悬吊装置的工作原理,得出设计参数应满足的条件。然后,根据试验承载需求和位移要求提出了参数设计流程,依此流程设计得到了一种可调节平衡位置与几何参数的准零刚度悬吊装置。最后,对装置进行了静力测试与悬吊-隔振试验,结果表明,该装置不仅具有准零刚度特性和较大承载能力,而且解决了自振干扰的问题,能较好地模拟微重力环境。
Micro-gravity ground simulation test to verify the reliability of spacecraft in orbit operation is of great significance. Low-stiffness suspension devices are usually used to simulate the micro-gravity environment, but there are some problems such as low bearing capacity and self-vibration interference. In order to solve these problems, the paper presents a quasi-zero stiffness suspension device considering the spring self-vibration. Firstly, the formula of natural frequency of bearing spring in the device is deduced through reasonable simplification, and the working principle of quasi-zero stiffness suspension device is analyzed. The conditions that the design parameters should meet are obtained. Then, according to the requirements of bearing capacity and displacement, a parameter design flow is proposed. Based on this flow design, a quasi-zero stiffness suspension device with adjustable balance position and geometric parameters is obtained. Finally, the static test and suspension-vibration test of the device are carried out. The results show that the device not only has quasi-zero stiffness characteristics and large carrying capacity, but also solves the problem of self-vibration interference and can simulate the microgravity surroundings.