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β-防御素(β-defensins)是一类在男性生殖系统中大量表达并与精子功能关系密切的天然抗菌肽,与男性不育相关。β-防御素不仅通过其天然免疫活性,保持附睾上皮、管腔环境的稳定,还能中和脂多糖、抗炎并与精子直接作用而调节精子功能。最近,β-防御素已经作为精子功能检测、精子生育力评价的生物标志物被开发并连续报道。大量活性防御素的功能机制研究及其与男性不育的关系,将成为进一步开发精子功能评价生物标志物的方向之一。本文主要从β-防御素家族的精子功能相关活性及机制研究方面的进展作一综述。
Beta-defensins are a class of natural antimicrobial peptides that are abundantly expressed in the male reproductive system and are closely related to sperm function and are associated with male infertility. β-defensin not only through its natural immune activity, to maintain epididymal epithelial, luminal environment stability, but also neutralize lipopolysaccharide, anti-inflammatory and sperm function and regulate sperm function. Recently, beta-defensins have been developed and reported continuously as biomarkers for sperm function testing and sperm fertility assessment. A large number of active defensins and its mechanism of functional relationship with male infertility, will be further development of sperm function evaluation of biomarkers one of the directions. This review summarizes the advances in spermatogenesis-related activities and mechanisms of the beta-defensin family.