自19世纪以来,人类历史上出现的三次立宪高潮,不断地向人们阐述了这样一个简单而又深刻的道理:当过主的、传统的以皇权为中心内容的权威消失的时候,人们除了选择宪法作为新权威以外,别无选择。对此,中国的历史发展过程已予以充分地证实。可以说:中国近代史也就是中国的立宪史。同时,我们不应当忽略这样一种事实:中国近现代历史中一直存在的民主与反民主、自由与反自由、宪政与民主等重大政治问题的争论,基本上是在 Since the nineteenth century, the three constitutional climaxes in the history of mankind have constantly presented people with such a simple and profound truth: When the authority of the dominant and traditional imperialist powers disappears, people will not only choose The constitution as a new authority, no choice. In this regard, China’s historical development process has been fully confirmed. It can be said: China’s modern history is China’s constitutional history. At the same time, we should not overlook the fact that there has always been a debate in modern Chinese history about the major political issues of democracy such as anti-democracy, freedom and anti-freedom and constitutionalism and democracy, basically at