Application of microbiome technology to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).Microbiome refers to the integration of composition, genetic information and bio-function of all microbial species under a specific environment.So far, microbiome has been widely introduced to the studies on TCM, which covers the investigation on compositional changes of human microbiome associated with specific TCM syndromes, the molecular mechanisms by which human microbiome affects the syndromes, as well as the interaction of Chinese herbs with human microbiome.According to the difference of microbiome distribution from host organs, the TCM-related microbiome research can be divided into TCM intestinal microbiome, TCM oral microbiome, TCM vaginal microbiome, TCM skin microbiome and TCM respiratory track microbiome.In addition, the subject of TCM microbiome is extended to environmental microbiome related to the Chinese herb cultivation, i.e., TCM rhizosphere microbiome.