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目的分析宫颈癌发病趋势与临床特点,为早期发现病例提供依据。方法收集医院2006-2011年就诊的宫颈癌临床病例资料,采取趋势分析法(F)分析就诊病例变化趋势。结果共收治宫颈癌患者502例,年病例从2009年的49例增加至2011年的118例,各年的住院病例占医院各种住院病例的0.25%～0.40%,占妇产科住院病例的4.51%～8.95%,均呈上升趋势(P<0.05);年龄由2006年的(54.20±12.16)岁降至2011年的(47.50±13.01)岁(F=127.91,P<0.01),2006年病例以50～岁组居多,占32.65%,2007年起,以40～岁组病例为多,占32.61%～46.60%,并呈逐年上升趋势(F=17.68,P<0.05);鳞状上皮癌占86.06%,腺癌占13.94%,原位癌、Ⅰa-Ⅰb1、Ⅰb2-Ⅱa和Ⅱb期以上病例所占比例依次为5.58%、19.72%、27.29%和47.41%。各年均以Ⅱb期以上病例最多,占39.83%～61.22%,其次是Ⅰb2-Ⅱa期,占20.41%～35.59%;临床表现阴道不明原因出血者占94.42%,阴道分泌液增多者占96.61%,腰部与下腹酸痛占34.46%,临床检查宫颈糜烂占85.66%、肥大占49.00%、萎缩占16.14%,有赘生物占61.16%。结论宫颈癌临床病例逐年上升,且呈年轻化趋势,病例发现较晚,主要临床症状为阴道分泌物增多和不明原因出血。应定期进行妇科检查,加强宫颈癌的早期发现与治疗。
Objective To analyze the trend and clinical features of cervical cancer and provide basis for the early detection of cases. Methods The clinical data of patients with cervical cancer from 2006 to 2011 in our hospital were collected, and trend analysis (F) was used to analyze the changing trend of visiting cases. Results A total of 502 patients with cervical cancer were treated. The number of cases increased from 49 in 2009 to 118 in 2011. The number of hospitalizations in each year accounted for 0.25% -0.40% of the various hospitalized cases, accounting for the number of inpatient obstetrics and gynecology 4.51% ~ 8.95%, all showed an upward trend (P <0.05); the age decreased from 54.20 ± 12.16 in 2006 to 47.50 ± 13.01 in 2011 (F = 127.91, P <0.01) The cases were mostly in the group of 50 to 32 years old, accounting for 32.65%. From 2007 to 2007, 40.61% ~ 46.60% of the patients were mostly in the group of 40 to 31 years old, and showed an upward trend year by year (F = 17.68, P <0.05) Cancer accounted for 86.06%, adenocarcinoma accounted for 13.94%, in situ carcinoma, Ⅰ a-Ⅰ b1, b2-Ⅱ a and b above the proportion of cases were 5.58%, 19.72%, 27.29% and 47.41%. The patients with more than Ⅱb stage each year accounted for 39.83% -61.22%, followed by Ⅰb2-Ⅱa stage, accounting for 20.41% -35.59%. The clinical manifestations were vaginal bleeding 94.42%, vaginal fluid 96.61% , Waist and abdominal pain accounted for 34.46%, clinical examination of cervical erosion accounted for 85.66%, hypertrophy accounted for 49.00%, atrophy accounted for 16.14%, with vegetation accounted for 61.16%. Conclusion The clinical cases of cervical cancer increase year by year, and the trend of younger, the case was found late, the main clinical symptoms of vaginal discharge and unexplained bleeding. Gynecological examination should be regularly carried out to strengthen the early detection and treatment of cervical cancer.