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采用历年“全国农产品成本收益资料汇编”和“2014年棉花科学施肥技术指导意见”中的棉花施肥数据等,运用排放系数法和情景分析法,研究2004—2012年我国14个主要棉区棉花种植化肥施用的碳排放时空演变及减排潜力,结果表明:1每亩棉花种植化肥施用的实际碳排放量整体上升,2008—2011年湖南一直最高,新疆不断攀升;2棉花种植实际施肥的碳效率,江苏、湖南和陕西波动幅度较大,河北不断上升,主要棉区的平均碳效率经历了上升、下降和上升的过程,由2004年的每千克棉花排放2.79kg CO2e下降到2012年的2.46kg CO2e;3棉花种植实际化肥施用碳排放总量,山东、河南、江苏和河北下降最多,新疆不断上升,这种演变主要源于棉花种植往西北棉区转移;4湖北、安徽、湖南、新疆和江苏5个地区的棉花种植施肥总碳减排潜力较大。
Using the data of cotton fertilization in the “Compilation of National Cost and Benefit of Agricultural Products” and “Cotton Fertilization Technical Guidelines for 2014”, the author uses emission coefficient method and scenario analysis method to study the distribution of 14 major fertilizers in China from 2004 to 2012 The results showed that: (1) The actual carbon emissions per acre of cotton planting fertilizers increased overall, from 2008 to 2011, the highest in Hunan and rising in Xinjiang; (2) the actual cotton cultivation The carbon efficiency of fertilization, Jiangsu, Hunan and Shaanxi are more volatile. Hebei is on the rise. The average carbon efficiency of the main cotton regions has gone through rising, falling and rising processes from 2.79kg CO2e per kg cotton in 2004 to 2012 Year 2.46kg CO2e; 3 the total amount of carbon emissions from the actual application of chemical fertilizers for planting cotton in Shandong, Henan, Jiangsu and Hebei dropped the most while that in Xinjiang kept on rising. The evolution mainly came from cotton planting shifted to the northwestern cotton area; 4 Hubei, Anhui, Hunan, Xinjiang and Jiangsu five areas of cotton planting and fertilizing the greater potential of carbon emission reduction.