AUXIN BINDING PROTEIN 1 (ABP1)has long been proposed as an auxin receptor to regulate cell expansion. The embryo lethality of ABPI-null mutants demonstrates its fundamental role in plant development, but also hinders inves-tigation of its involvement in post-embryonic processes and its mode of action. By taking advantage of weak alleles and inducible systems, several recent studies have revealed a role for ABP1 in organ development, cell polarization, and shape formation. In addition to its role in the regulation of auxin-induced gene expression, ABP1 has now been shown to mod-ulate non-transcriptional auxin responses. ABP1 is required for activating two antagonizing ROP GTPase signaling path-ways involved in cytoskeletal reorganization and cell shape formation, and participates in the regulation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis to subsequently affect PIN protein distribution. These exciting discoveries provide indisputable ev-idence for the auxin-induced signaling pathways that are downstream of ABP1 function, and suggest intriguing mech-anisms for ABPl-mediated polar cell expansion and spatial coordination in response to auxin.