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地基沉降包括初始沉降、固结沉降和次固结沉降。对于软黏土地区,地基固结沉降和次固结沉降占很大比例。目前,计算沉降量与时间关系的方法主要有两大类。第一类为依据固结理论并结合各种土本构模型计算沉降量的有限元法;第二类为根据实测资料推算沉降量与时间关系的预测方法。综述已有的各种地基沉降预测模型,将其分为六大类,同时分析其各自的优缺点,并提出将地基沉降预测模型应用于高层建筑地基基础设计的概念,这对于研究上部结构-基础-地基共同作用的时间效应具有重要意义。
Foundation settlement includes initial settlement, consolidation settlement and secondary consolidation settlement. For soft clay areas, the consolidation of ground settlement and secondary consolidation settlement accounts for a large proportion. At present, there are two main types of methods for calculating the relationship between settlement and time. The first category is based on the theory of consolidation combined with various soil constitutive models to calculate the settlement of the finite element method; the second category is based on measured data to predict the settlement and the relationship between the time forecasting method. This paper summarizes all kinds of ground subsidence prediction models, divides them into six categories, analyzes their respective advantages and disadvantages, and puts forward the concept of applying ground subsidence prediction model to foundation design of high-rise buildings. The fundamental effect of the time effect of foundation interaction is of great significance.