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通过室内土柱培养试验,研究了水稻土肥际微域铵对钾形态转化与迁移的影响。结果表明,钾自肥际向非肥际的扩散距离随钾肥用量增加而增加,施同等铵态氮条件下,施钾量增加2.4倍,导致肥际钾含量最高区域水溶态钾含量提高了2.1倍,交换态钾和非交换态钾则分别提高了1.7和0.3倍,而钾的迁移距离提高了16.4%(12 mm),说明肥际钾的固定能力有限,钾肥量增加导致更多的钾以有效性较高的形态存在。同等钾量条件下,施用铵态氮肥显著提高了水稻土肥际钾含量最高区域水溶态钾含量,使钾的迁移距离较未施铵时增加了23.2%(16 mm);铵钾共施还显著提高了肥际到普通土壤过渡区域中交换态钾含量,降低了所有土样中的非交换态钾含量。铵钾共施显著抑制了肥际微域中肥料钾向非交换态的转化,这种抑制作用随距肥际距离的增加而减弱。利用不同回归方程拟合由肥际到非肥际钾的分布曲线,无论是水溶态钾还是交换态钾,反S型曲线y=a/[1+b exp(c×x)]可以很好地拟合由肥际到非肥际K+的分布。
Through indoor soil column culture experiment, the effect of ammonium on soil potassium transformation and migration was studied. The results showed that the diffusion distance of K from fertilizer to non-fertilizer increased with the increase of K fertilizer rate, while the K application rate increased 2.4-fold under the condition of the same ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in a 2.1-fold increase of water-soluble K content in the area with the highest K content , Exchangeable potassium and non-exchangeable potassium increased by 1.7 and 0.3 times, respectively, while the migration distance of potassium increased by 16.4% (12 mm), which indicated that the fixation ability of limited potassium fertilizer was limited. The increase of potassium fertilizer resulted in more potassium Effective form of existence. Under the same amount of potassium, the application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the water-soluble potassium content in paddy soil with the highest potassium content, and the migration distance of potassium was increased by 23.2% (16 mm) compared with that without ammonium fertilizer. The combination of ammonium and potassium was also significant The exchangeable potassium content in the transitional region from fertilizer to common soil was increased and the non-exchangeable potassium content in all soil samples was reduced. Ammonium and potassium co-application significantly inhibited the conversion of fertilizer potassium to non-exchangeable state in the microflora, which was weakened with the increase of distance from fertilizer to fertilizer. Using different regression equations to fit the distribution curve from fertilizer to non-fat dietary potassium, it can be very good that the inverse S-curve y = a / [1 + b exp (c × x)], whether it is water-soluble potassium or exchangeable potassium To fit the distribution from fat to non-fat K +.