俄罗斯是矿产品生产大国和出口大国,矿产出口是其主要外汇来源。俄罗斯境内蕴藏着丰富的矿产资源,许多矿产储量居于世界领先地位,例如,其天然气储量占世界总储量的30%,金刚石储量占50%(原文如此——编者注),镍储量占25%,锡储量占17%,石油储量占近10%。2005年俄罗斯的矿产品产值约为45000亿卢布。在现代俄罗斯经济中,矿物原料资源占有重要地位: Russia is a big producer and exporter of mineral products, and its export of minerals is its main source of foreign exchange. Russia is home to a wealth of mineral resources, many of which hold the world’s leading reserves. For example, its natural gas reserves account for 30% of the world’s total reserves, diamond reserves account for 50%, nickel reserves account for 25% Tin reserves account for 17% and oil reserves account for nearly 10%. Russia’s mineral output in 2005 was about 4.5 trillion rubles. In the modern Russian economy, mineral raw materials occupy an important position: