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近几年,广东沿海养殖的海鱼品种有由过去的重点养石斑鱼转移到笛鲷科、鲷科鱼类的趋势,网箱养殖的方式虽继续发展,简单的海水泥塘和半咸淡水塘的养殖则发展更快。笛鲷科、鲷科类尽管没有石斑鱼名贵,但其肉质鲜嫩,病害较少,对饵料和环境要求较低,特别是对盐度要求不严,其市价亦较易为国内一般家庭接受,故养殖量不断增加。然而由于高密度集约化养殖所带来的多种负因子影响,笛鲷和鲷类的疾病也变得严重起来,其中细菌性疾病更是以其死亡率高、从发现到死亡的时间短而使生产蒙受重大的损失。我们于1987年起便对这些疾病开展了鱼病调查、病因病理研究和防治研究。本文着重介绍所发现的各种细菌性病的一般情况。
In recent years, there has been a shift in the species of marine fish farmed in the coastal areas of Guangdong from the previous focus on grouper to snapper and sparidfish. Although cage farming continues to evolve, simple seawater ponds and brackish freshwater ponds Farming is growing faster. Although there is no luxury of grouper, snapper and seabream are fresh meat with less disease and less requirement for food and environment, especially for salinity, and their market price is also easier for domestic general families to accept , So the amount of breeding continues to increase. However, the diseases of snapper and snapper also become serious due to many negative factors brought about by high-density intensive farming. Among them, the bacterial diseases are characterized by high mortality, short time from discovery to death So that production suffered significant losses. We started a fish disease survey, etiological and pathological studies and prevention studies on these diseases since 1987. This article highlights the generalities of the various bacterial diseases found.