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目的探讨原发性纵隔肿瘤及囊肿的诊断、鉴别诊断以及外科治疗。方法对我院近2年来手术治疗的95例原发性纵隔肿瘤及囊肿患者的临床资料进行分析。结果 95例中神经源性肿瘤27例,占28.4%;其次为胸腺肿瘤或囊肿24例,占25.3%和畸胎样瘤20例,占21.1%。均在全麻下施行手术,其中开胸手术43例,胸腔镜下手术46例,经颈部手术6例;手术方式包括完整切除、大部切除和开胸探查等。结论在原发性纵隔肿瘤及囊肿中,神经源性肿瘤的发病率居首位,其次为胸腺瘤和畸胎样瘤;胸部X线和CT检查是诊断本病的主要手段;充分的围手术期处理,认真选择手术切口,在手术操作中防治重要组织器官损伤是保证手术安全的关键。
Objective To investigate the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and surgical treatment of primary mediastinal tumors and cysts. Methods The clinical data of 95 patients with primary mediastinal tumor and cyst surgically treated in our hospital in the recent 2 years were analyzed. Results There were 27 cases of neurogenic tumors in 95 cases, accounting for 28.4%, followed by thymoma or cysts in 24 cases (25.3%) and teratoid tumors (21.1%). Surgery was performed under general anesthesia, including thoracotomy in 43 cases, thoracoscopic surgery in 46 cases, and neck surgery in 6 cases. Surgical procedures included complete resection, partial resection and thoracotomy. Conclusions In primary mediastinal tumors and cysts, the incidence of neurogenic tumors ranks first, followed by thymoma and teratoma; chest X-ray and CT examination are the main means of diagnosis of this disease; adequate perioperative Period treatment, careful selection of surgical incision in the operation of the prevention and treatment of important tissue and organ damage is to ensure the safety of the surgery.