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“二次革命论”的要害为民主革命时期放弃无产阶级领导权,幻想在民主革命与社会主义革命之间有一个资产阶级专政、发展资本主义的时期。笔者认为“二次革命论”是不符合中国国情的、违背中国革命规律的错误理论。在此前提下,遵循百家争鸣的精神,提出两点拙见与学术界较普遍的看法商榷:第一,陈独秀的“二次革命论”的理论体系并非形成于1923年他的两篇文章①,而是形成于1926年9月②;第二,陈独秀的“二次革命论”并非固定不变、始终如一的,而是动摇不定、时起时伏的错误理论体系。这与党在幼年时期的历史环境以及客观形势演变对陈独秀的影响是有关的。
The crux of the “second revolution theory” is to abandon the proletarian leadership over the period of the Democratic Revolution. There is a fantasy of a period of bourgeois dictatorship and development of capitalism between the democratic revolution and the socialist revolution. The author believes that the “theory of the second revolution” is a wrong theory that does not accord with China’s national conditions and runs counter to the law of revolution in China. On this premise, following the spirit of a hundred schools of thought contends, I put forward two humble opinions to discuss with the more general view of the academic circles: First, the theoretical system of “second revolution” of Chen Duxiu was not formed in his two articles in 1923 Was formed in September 1926 ②; secondly, Chen Duxiu’s “theory of the second revolution” was not permanent and consistent but was a fallacious and time-consuming system of mistaken theories. This is related to the historical circumstances of the party in its infancy and the influence of the evolution of the objective situation on Chen Duxiu.