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非浸润性膀胱肿瘤有两类:表浅乳头状移行细胞癌(TCC)和原位癌(CIS)。它们都有复发率和恶化潜力。而CIS更易恶化。应用化疗和免疫剂预防CIS复发已取得不同的成绩。目前,最有效的是BCG,有效率为36％～73％,但局部副作用发生率高达90％。甚至有因BCG灌注导致死亡的报导。治疗TCC的化疗药有噻替哌、阿霉素和丝裂霉素,有效率为10％～39％。但这些药的副作用常使治疗中止。 Torti首先采用干扰素膀胱灌注治疗35例TCC或CIS病人。干扰素的用量逐渐加大,开始为50×
There are two types of non-invasive bladder tumors: superficial papillary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and carcinoma in situ (CIS). They all have recurrence rates and deterioration potential. And CIS is more prone to deterioration. The use of chemotherapy and immune agents to prevent CIS recurrence has achieved different results. At present, the most effective is BCG, with an effective rate of 36% to 73%, but the incidence of local side effects is as high as 90%. There are even reports of death from BCG infusion. The chemotherapeutic drugs for TCC are thiotepa, doxorubicin, and mitomycin, with an effective rate of 10% to 39%. However, the side effects of these drugs often stop the treatment. Torti first used interferon bladder infusion to treat 35 patients with TCC or CIS. The amount of interferon gradually increased and it started to be 50×