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从事英语教学十年有余可谓桃李天下，但始终有一个问题耿耿于怀：在每年25分的高考英语作文中，70%的同学得7-10分，20%的得10-18分，只有10%的同学得20分左右。最主要的原因是缺乏组词造句能力。他们把几个动词叠加在一个句子中或把几个句子要表达的意思按照汉语的思维方式挤进一个句子，从而导致了貌似成句的作文错误百出无以成形。其次，习惯养成差，书写不规范卷面失分严重。那么，怎样才能让自已的作文闪亮登场？笔者从以下几个方面谈谈自己的经验：
一、从句法功能抓起。
很多学生根本不懂英语的句子成分及不同词性的词在句子中的运用。如：He is very like his father. ‘is’, ‘like’叠加使用。very修饰动词就是非常典型的例子。因此
（一）首先要搞清英语中的词类及其在句子中的成分。
如名词、代词一般作主语、宾语、表语；形容词一般修饰名词作定语，而副词则修饰动词作状语。实义动词后的名词、代词等叫宾语，系动词后的叫表语。eg.
He ordered（动词，谓语） a beautiful（形，定语）dress（名，宾语） yesterday.
He is very （副词，状语） hungry（形容词，表语）.
（二）掌握好五种基本句型及四种特殊句型。
句子是语篇的最小单位，没有句子便无以成篇章，因此造句是文章的关键。五种句型是正确造句的依据与公式，而四种特殊句型是文章优美与否的养料，掌握好他们至关重要。
五种基本句型：
1.S+V（主+谓） We eat and drink.
SV
2.S+V+P（主+系动词+表语） The dinner smells good.
SV P
3.S+V+O（主+谓+宾） He knew the answer.
S V O
4.S+V+O+O（主+谓+间宾+直宾） I showed him my picture.
S V O O
5.S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补） He asked me to come back soon.
S V O C
四种特殊句型：
祈使句： 肯定句Do+V… Sit down, please.
否定句： Don’t＋V… Don’t talk wiht me.
感叹句： What+a+adj.+n.+pron.+V! What a beautiful girl she is!
What+adj.+n.(s)+pron.+V! What sweet apples they are!
How+adj./adv.+pron.+V!How beautiful she is!
How+adj.+a+n.+pron.+V!How beautiful a girl she is!
There be句型（表某地或某时有某物）
现在时 There is/are+n.(s)…
过去时 There was/were+n.(s)…; There used to be…
将来时 There will be…
完成时 There has/have/had been+n.…
特殊结构 There seems to be…；There happens to be…;There lives…这里要特别强调本句型不能与实义动词叠加使用；如：There is a man walks in the street.（×）
倒装句：全部倒装（谓语全部放在主语前）。Here comes the bus.
部分倒装（谓语的一部分放主语前）。Not until he came back did I go to bed.
（三）掌握常用时态与语态。
有了骨架没有血肉句子依然无法存活。时态是血，语态是肉，必须添加其中。
1.时态：一般现在时表经常性的动作、状态或陈述事实与真理。常与下列时间状语连用：often, sometimes, usually, always, every day等。要特别注意主语为第三人称单数时谓语动词的变化。一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的动作。重点注意背诵不规则动词的过去式。现在完成时表示过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或对现在造成的影响与结果，多与下列时间状语连用：already, yet, ever; never, for, since, so far, in the past few years等。
2.语态：是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，侧重发出动作的对象。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，侧重动作对象或动作本身，多用于主语不明确时。采用不同的语态会使句子产生截然不同的效果。
Peter cleaned the meeting room every day. （强调谁）
The meeting room was cleaned every day. （强调打扫的动作）
（四）实战训练。
掌握了造句的基本要素，成分、框架、时态、语态后，实战训练可采用下列方法：
1.连词成句是最基本的方法。
2.充分利用教材中特有的句型、句式、语法造句。
It is+adj. for sb. to do sth.;
It is no use+doing sth.;
It is(has been)+time+since…
3.句型转换可增强语言的灵活性、拓展表达空间。
The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
He boy is not old enough to go to school.
4.扩展成句。
He is a boy. He is a naughty boy. He is one of the naughtiest boys.
He is one of the naughtiest boys I have ever seen.
5.加强翻译练习。采用一句多译法增强句子的灵活度。
如：这书值得一读。
The book is worth reading.; The book is worthy to be read.
The book is worthy of being read.; The book is worthwhile to read.
6.合并与拆解句子。
（1）The bird was a cock. The fox was looking at it hungrily.
The bird which the fox was looking at was a cock. （合并）
（2）My ruler has a scale marked in centimeters.
I’ve got a ruler. It has a scale.
The scale is marked in centimeters. （拆解）
7.多读多记地道的、使用率较高的句型。
美国作家舒伯特指出：“Reading is writing.”，可见熟读背诵对写作多么重要。多背、多记，借鉴已有经验也是英语必不可少的一环。
表原因的句型 There are three reasons for this.
The reason for this is that.
表好处的句型 It has the following advantages.
表变化的句型 Some changes have taken place in the past five years.
表结论的句型 In short, it can be said that…;
From what has been metioned， we can come to the conclusion that…
二、从语篇功能抓起。
解决了造句问题才等于一只脚跨入了成功之门，要想另一只脚也进入只有解决语篇问题，这样才能使你的作文优美流畅。解决这个问题应从以下几个方面入手：
（一）仔细审题列出要点。
为了避免遗漏题目规定的要点，杜绝文不对题的语句可先将要点逐条译成汉语。
（二）根据不同文体的特点和格式调整要点顺序。
如记叙文，人物、时间、地点放在开头，事件原因居中，结果居尾。议论文引论为头论证为中结论为尾。
（三）添枝加叶增强文章的鲜活性、情感性和可读性。
1.使用情感性副词、连词和动词短语。
情感副词only, just, even, still, never, however, of course
情感连词but, thanks to, as a result, while
情感动词have to, be forced to, hesitate, rush, would like to
(1)Such was the accident, a terrible one which I will never forget.
(2)It was late. Before we knew it, we had to say goodbye to them.
（1）中never淋漓尽致地表达了给我造成的心理伤害，定语从句与倒装句的使用使表达更丰富。
（2）中连词before表明了我们因愉快而忘记了时间。动词had to表明了我们恋恋不舍的心情。
2.注重句式的变化。为了避免句子结构单一、长短接近可用多种句式。如：倒装句、感叹句、主动语态和被动语态。
Beihai, my hometown, lies in the south of Guangxi. North of it is Nanning, the capital city of Guangxi. Beihai covers an area of 972km and has a population of 400,000. It is a beautiful coastal city and is known as the home of Nanzhu pearls.
文章用了简单句、并列句和倒装句。同时还用了同位语，句子长短错落有致，增强了短文的效果。
3.恰当地运用过渡性连接词
并列补充关系：what’s more, besides, as well, moreover, in addition
因果关系：since, for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that
条件关系：if, on condition that, as long as, unless
顺序关系：when, while, after, as soon as, later
换种方式：in other words, that is to say
举例说明：for instance, for example, like; such as
陈述事实：in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
总结：on the whole, in short, all in all, in a word, in conclusion
4.引用成语、谚语更显语言魅力。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
（四）整体检测、规范全文。
写对格式、写好两头、规范三写（单词字母大写、拼写及标点符号），突破四关（内容要点关、行文逻辑关、语法规则关、习惯表达关）。
总之，英语写作是综合性很强，难度很大的一项系统工程。但千里之行始于足下，只要多读多积累，敢于写，勤于动笔。从词、句、段三个环节由简到繁，由易到难，环环相扣进行训练，你的作文肯定会闪亮登场。
一、从句法功能抓起。
很多学生根本不懂英语的句子成分及不同词性的词在句子中的运用。如：He is very like his father. ‘is’, ‘like’叠加使用。very修饰动词就是非常典型的例子。因此
（一）首先要搞清英语中的词类及其在句子中的成分。
如名词、代词一般作主语、宾语、表语；形容词一般修饰名词作定语，而副词则修饰动词作状语。实义动词后的名词、代词等叫宾语，系动词后的叫表语。eg.
He ordered（动词，谓语） a beautiful（形，定语）dress（名，宾语） yesterday.
He is very （副词，状语） hungry（形容词，表语）.
（二）掌握好五种基本句型及四种特殊句型。
句子是语篇的最小单位，没有句子便无以成篇章，因此造句是文章的关键。五种句型是正确造句的依据与公式，而四种特殊句型是文章优美与否的养料，掌握好他们至关重要。
五种基本句型：
1.S+V（主+谓） We eat and drink.
SV
2.S+V+P（主+系动词+表语） The dinner smells good.
SV P
3.S+V+O（主+谓+宾） He knew the answer.
S V O
4.S+V+O+O（主+谓+间宾+直宾） I showed him my picture.
S V O O
5.S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补） He asked me to come back soon.
S V O C
四种特殊句型：
祈使句： 肯定句Do+V… Sit down, please.
否定句： Don’t＋V… Don’t talk wiht me.
感叹句： What+a+adj.+n.+pron.+V! What a beautiful girl she is!
What+adj.+n.(s)+pron.+V! What sweet apples they are!
How+adj./adv.+pron.+V!How beautiful she is!
How+adj.+a+n.+pron.+V!How beautiful a girl she is!
There be句型（表某地或某时有某物）
现在时 There is/are+n.(s)…
过去时 There was/were+n.(s)…; There used to be…
将来时 There will be…
完成时 There has/have/had been+n.…
特殊结构 There seems to be…；There happens to be…;There lives…这里要特别强调本句型不能与实义动词叠加使用；如：There is a man walks in the street.（×）
倒装句：全部倒装（谓语全部放在主语前）。Here comes the bus.
部分倒装（谓语的一部分放主语前）。Not until he came back did I go to bed.
（三）掌握常用时态与语态。
有了骨架没有血肉句子依然无法存活。时态是血，语态是肉，必须添加其中。
1.时态：一般现在时表经常性的动作、状态或陈述事实与真理。常与下列时间状语连用：often, sometimes, usually, always, every day等。要特别注意主语为第三人称单数时谓语动词的变化。一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的动作。重点注意背诵不规则动词的过去式。现在完成时表示过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或对现在造成的影响与结果，多与下列时间状语连用：already, yet, ever; never, for, since, so far, in the past few years等。
2.语态：是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语的关系。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，侧重发出动作的对象。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，侧重动作对象或动作本身，多用于主语不明确时。采用不同的语态会使句子产生截然不同的效果。
Peter cleaned the meeting room every day. （强调谁）
The meeting room was cleaned every day. （强调打扫的动作）
（四）实战训练。
掌握了造句的基本要素，成分、框架、时态、语态后，实战训练可采用下列方法：
1.连词成句是最基本的方法。
2.充分利用教材中特有的句型、句式、语法造句。
It is+adj. for sb. to do sth.;
It is no use+doing sth.;
It is(has been)+time+since…
3.句型转换可增强语言的灵活性、拓展表达空间。
The boy is too young to go to school.
The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
He boy is not old enough to go to school.
4.扩展成句。
He is a boy. He is a naughty boy. He is one of the naughtiest boys.
He is one of the naughtiest boys I have ever seen.
5.加强翻译练习。采用一句多译法增强句子的灵活度。
如：这书值得一读。
The book is worth reading.; The book is worthy to be read.
The book is worthy of being read.; The book is worthwhile to read.
6.合并与拆解句子。
（1）The bird was a cock. The fox was looking at it hungrily.
The bird which the fox was looking at was a cock. （合并）
（2）My ruler has a scale marked in centimeters.
I’ve got a ruler. It has a scale.
The scale is marked in centimeters. （拆解）
7.多读多记地道的、使用率较高的句型。
美国作家舒伯特指出：“Reading is writing.”，可见熟读背诵对写作多么重要。多背、多记，借鉴已有经验也是英语必不可少的一环。
表原因的句型 There are three reasons for this.
The reason for this is that.
表好处的句型 It has the following advantages.
表变化的句型 Some changes have taken place in the past five years.
表结论的句型 In short, it can be said that…;
From what has been metioned， we can come to the conclusion that…
二、从语篇功能抓起。
解决了造句问题才等于一只脚跨入了成功之门，要想另一只脚也进入只有解决语篇问题，这样才能使你的作文优美流畅。解决这个问题应从以下几个方面入手：
（一）仔细审题列出要点。
为了避免遗漏题目规定的要点，杜绝文不对题的语句可先将要点逐条译成汉语。
（二）根据不同文体的特点和格式调整要点顺序。
如记叙文，人物、时间、地点放在开头，事件原因居中，结果居尾。议论文引论为头论证为中结论为尾。
（三）添枝加叶增强文章的鲜活性、情感性和可读性。
1.使用情感性副词、连词和动词短语。
情感副词only, just, even, still, never, however, of course
情感连词but, thanks to, as a result, while
情感动词have to, be forced to, hesitate, rush, would like to
(1)Such was the accident, a terrible one which I will never forget.
(2)It was late. Before we knew it, we had to say goodbye to them.
（1）中never淋漓尽致地表达了给我造成的心理伤害，定语从句与倒装句的使用使表达更丰富。
（2）中连词before表明了我们因愉快而忘记了时间。动词had to表明了我们恋恋不舍的心情。
2.注重句式的变化。为了避免句子结构单一、长短接近可用多种句式。如：倒装句、感叹句、主动语态和被动语态。
Beihai, my hometown, lies in the south of Guangxi. North of it is Nanning, the capital city of Guangxi. Beihai covers an area of 972km and has a population of 400,000. It is a beautiful coastal city and is known as the home of Nanzhu pearls.
文章用了简单句、并列句和倒装句。同时还用了同位语，句子长短错落有致，增强了短文的效果。
3.恰当地运用过渡性连接词
并列补充关系：what’s more, besides, as well, moreover, in addition
因果关系：since, for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that
条件关系：if, on condition that, as long as, unless
顺序关系：when, while, after, as soon as, later
换种方式：in other words, that is to say
举例说明：for instance, for example, like; such as
陈述事实：in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
总结：on the whole, in short, all in all, in a word, in conclusion
4.引用成语、谚语更显语言魅力。
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
（四）整体检测、规范全文。
写对格式、写好两头、规范三写（单词字母大写、拼写及标点符号），突破四关（内容要点关、行文逻辑关、语法规则关、习惯表达关）。
总之，英语写作是综合性很强，难度很大的一项系统工程。但千里之行始于足下，只要多读多积累，敢于写，勤于动笔。从词、句、段三个环节由简到繁，由易到难，环环相扣进行训练，你的作文肯定会闪亮登场。