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不均一性核糖核蛋白(heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein,hnRNP)是一类可参与mRNA前体剪接、mRNA转运和降解等多种功能的RNA结合蛋白。目前发现hnRNP家族蛋白也参与了神经细胞、神经胶质细胞的生长调控过程,并且与多种中枢神经系统疾病的发生发展密切相关。该文对hnRNP的结构、功能及其在中枢神经系统中的作用进行综述,旨在为理解神经系统疾病的分子机制提供新线索。
Heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein, hnRNP) is a type of RNA binding protein that can participate in various functions such as splicing, mRNA transport and degradation of mRNA precursor. It has been found that the hnRNP family of proteins is also involved in the regulation of the growth of neural cells and glial cells, and is closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of central nervous system diseases. This review summarizes the structure and function of hnRNP and its role in the central nervous system, aiming to provide new clues for understanding the molecular mechanisms of nervous system diseases.