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目的以金属结构加工作业环境为现场,探索多种职业病危害因素同时作用对作业者神经行为功能的影响。方法以某船厂金属结构加工车间工人为观察组,以同厂其他车间工人为对照组,应用神经行为检测评价技术对研究对象实施检测评价,比对观察组与对照组神经行为功能的异常改变,以及暴露时间与神经行为功能异常改变的相关关系。结果观察组在心算、视觉保留、记忆扫描、视简单反应时、听数距广度和数字筛选6个项目上劣于对照组,差异有统计学意义;神经行为能力与暴露时间呈负相关;观察组各项指标的异常率明显高于对照组,但各项指标的分布特征与对照组并没有明显的差异。结论尽管不同的职业病危害因素毒作用靶器官不同,但是早期的健康损害可以表现为神经行为功能的异常改变,因此,在明确职业暴露史的前提下,神经行为检测评价结果对作业者早期健康损害的评价具有重要的参考价值。
Aim To explore the impact of various occupational hazards on the neurobehavioral function of workers by processing the working environment of the metal structure as a site. Methods Taking the metal structure workshop workers in a shipyard as the observation group and the other plant workers in the same factory as the control group, the neurobehavioral testing and evaluation techniques were used to test and evaluate the subjects, comparing with the abnormal changes of the neurobehavioral functions in the observation group and the control group. As well as the relationship between exposure time and abnormal changes of neurobehavioral function. Results In the observation group, mental arithmetic, visual retention, memory scanning and visual response were simple. Six items of auditory distance range and number screening were inferior to the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. There was a negative correlation between neurobehavioral ability and exposure time. The abnormal rate of each index of the group was significantly higher than that of the control group, but the distribution characteristics of each index had no significant difference with the control group. Conclusion Although different toxicological target organs of occupational disease risk factors are different, early health damage can be manifested as abnormal changes in neurobehavioral function. Therefore, under the premise of a clear history of occupational exposure, neurological behavioral testing evaluation results of early health damage The evaluation has important reference value.