平等权利是西方近代民主思潮的理智成果 ,其理论功能是作为构造一个社会基本制度的前提条件。它所提供的是一个社会成员参与社会组织所必备的平等的道德人格和政治资格。在现代社会 ,基本的平等权利应该而且必须优先于善 ,个人对自己的“善”的追求必须在尊重平等权利的基础上才能获得正当性 ,而不能让这些权利为了某些特定的“善”而被忽视甚至被牺牲。 Equal rights are the rational fruits of the modern democratic thoughts in the West. Their theoretical functions are the preconditions for constructing a basic social system. What it provides is the equal moral and political qualifications that a member of society needs to participate in social organizations. In modern society, basic equal rights should and must take precedence over goodness. Individuals’ pursuit of their “goodness” must be justified on the basis of respect for equal rights, without allowing these rights to be justified for certain particular “goodness” Neglected or even sacrificed.