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本世纪预防医学的重大成果之一是在许多国家里控制了一些急性传染病,首先应归功于疫苗的使用。本世纪初英国每年有5万人发生白喉,死亡数千人,由于普种白喉类毒素,七十年代初每年只发生10例,死亡1人;美国使用麻疹减毒活疫苗后,麻疹的年发病数从过去的50万人减少到现在的5万人以下。1973年,英国仅发生9个灰髓炎病例。
One of the major achievements of preventive medicine in this century is the control of some acute infectious diseases in many countries, above all due to the use of vaccines. At the beginning of this century, there were 50,000 people in the UK each year causing diphtheria and thousands of deaths. Since the universal diphtheria toxoid was introduced in the early 1970s, only 10 cases occurred each year in the early 1970s, killing one person. In the United States, The number of cases has dropped from 500,000 in the past to below 50,000 today. In 1973, only 9 cases of metmyelitis occurred in the United Kingdom.