At present, most researches on the vortex-induced vibration of submarine free spanning pipelines ignore the effect of internal flowing fluid; furthermore, there
The ice force is an important factor to be taken into account for offshore structures in cold regions, and the calculation method of the ice force is meaningful
Investigating the wave field near structures in coastal and offshore engineering is of increasing significance. In the present study, simulation is done of the
Because of shoaling, refraction, friction, and other effects, a surface-wave propagating on a gently sloping bottom of slope will eventually break. In this pape