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目的分析2013年贵州省流行的麻疹病毒核蛋白基因特征。方法采集疑似麻疹病例临床标本(咽拭子、尿液和血清),从临床标本或Vero/SLAM细胞分离出的阳性培养物中提取病毒RNA,采用RT-PCR方法扩增麻疹病毒核蛋白基因羧基末端编码的634个核苷酸片段,并进行序列测定与基因特征分析。结果 74例疑似麻疹病例中检测到41株麻疹核酸。基因亲缘关系显示39株为H1基因型中的H1a基因亚型并且有2个明显分支;2株为麻疹疫苗株(A基因型)。39株麻疹病毒株与H1基因型参考株MVi/Hunan.CHN/0.93/7(AF045212)的核苷酸和氨基酸差异分别为2.0%~2.9%和2.0%~4.7%;与H1a基因亚型参考株Chin9322的核苷酸和氨基酸差异分别为0.9%~1.8%和0.7%~3.4%;39株H1a基因亚型的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为97.3%~100%和96.6%~100%。2株麻疹疫苗株与MV沪191(S191)的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为99.8%~100%和99.3%~100%。结论 H1a基因亚型是贵州省2013年本土麻疹流行的优势基因型,同一年份存在着不同的传播链。
Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of the measles virus nucleoprotein gene in Guizhou Province in 2013. Methods The clinical specimens (throat swab, urine and serum) of suspected measles cases were collected. The viral RNA was extracted from the positive cultures isolated from clinical specimens or Vero / SLAM cells. The carboxyl groups of measles virus nucleoprotein genes were amplified by RT-PCR End of the coding 634 nucleotide fragments, and sequencing and gene characterization. Results 41 measles nucleic acids were detected in 74 measles cases. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 39 strains were H1 subtype in H1 genotype with 2 distinct branches; 2 strains were measles vaccine strain (A genotype). The nucleotide and amino acid differences of 39 strains of measles virus and H1 reference genotype MVi / Hunan.CHN / 0.93 / 7 (AF045212) were 2.0% -2.9% and 2.0% -4.7%, respectively; The nucleotide and amino acid differences of strain Chin9322 were 0.9% -1.8% and 0.7% -3.4%, respectively. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies of 39 H1a genotypes were 97.3% -100% and 96.6% -100 %. The nucleotide and amino acid homologies between the two isolates of measles vaccine and MV Shanghai 191 (S191) were 99.8% -100% and 99.3% -100%, respectively. Conclusion The subtype H1a is the dominant genotype of measles epidemic in Guizhou Province in 2013, and there are different transmission chains in the same year.