本文构建了一个劳动力长期供给具有无限弹性的总供求模型,模型的核心特点是长期总供给曲线不是垂直而是向右上倾斜。根据该模型,本文认为,农业部门存在剩余劳动而使非农部门具有无限弹性的劳动供给,是改革开放以来中国经济波动出现“软着陆”、“紧缩增长”和“高增长低通胀”等现有理论难以解释的特殊现象的根本原因,并使经济波动对就业的影响主要表现为劳动力转移速度的波动而非城镇失业率的变化。 This paper constructs a model of total supply and demand with unlimited elasticity for long-term supply of labor. The key feature of the model is that the long-run aggregate supply curve is not vertical but tilts to the right. According to the model, this paper argues that there is unlimited labor supply for the non-agricultural sector due to surplus labor in the agricultural sector since the reform and opening up of China’s economy with “soft landing”, “tight growth” and “high growth” Low inflation "and other existing theories difficult to explain the special phenomenon of the root causes, and make the impact of economic fluctuations on employment mainly as a result of fluctuations in the rate of labor transfer rather than urban unemployment rate changes.