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目的了解新乡市居民健康素养水平现状,探讨影响新乡市居民健康素养的主要因素,为今后开展健康教育宣传和健康促进工作提供科学依据。方法采取多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取调查对象,采用问卷形式调查2 034名居民,分析影响居民健康素养水平的相关因素。结果新乡市居民总体健康素养水平为12.34%,健康基本知识与理念、健康生活方式与行为和健康技能3个素养水平分别为21.14%、10.13%和13.18%。logistic回归分析表明,年龄、户口、文化程度、婚姻状况、月平均收入以及职业类别均对居民健康素养水平有明显影响(P<0.05),男女性别对健康素养水平基本没影响(P>0.05)。结论新乡市居民具备健康素养的比例较低,应广泛开展以提高基本健康知识与技能、促进健康生活方式形成为目的的综合干预活动。特别是对文化程度低、家庭收入低、农村户口的已婚大龄居民,需要加强宣传教育,以提高健康素养水平,保障居民健康。
Objective To understand the status quo of health literacy of residents in Xinxiang City and to explore the main factors affecting the health literacy of residents in Xinxiang City and to provide a scientific basis for health education promotion and health promotion in the future. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select the survey subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 2 034 residents to analyze the relevant factors that affect residents’ health literacy. Results The overall health literacy level of Xinxiang residents was 12.34%. The basic knowledge and philosophy of health, the healthy life style and behavior and health skills were 21.14%, 10.13% and 13.18% respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that age, hukou, educational level, marital status, monthly average income and occupational categories all had significant effects on residents’ health literacy (P <0.05), and gender of men and women had no effect on health literacy (P> 0.05) . Conclusion The proportion of residents with health literacy in Xinxiang City is relatively low. Comprehensive interventions aimed at improving basic health knowledge and skills and promoting the formation of a healthy lifestyle should be widely carried out. Especially for older married residents with low education level and low family income and rural hukou, it is necessary to step up publicity and education so as to raise the level of health literacy and ensure the health of residents.