本文对早期儒家教育家所畅想的理想人格进行了分析和对比。在孔子看来,人的善恶不在于人性本身,而在于环境与后天的教化,也即需要在一个等差有序的社会关系中,把人教化成为自觉使名分合一的能伦之人。孟子和荀子却认为人的本性即是善或恶的:孟子的性善论认为人性就是人的本性中能够自给自足的东西,恶则是对外物进行功利计算而产生的,一个理想的人格就是能够自足的人;而荀子的性恶论则指出,未经过社会化的个体即是恶的,而一个在“化性起伪”过程中学会让群体、社会得以维持和发展则是理想的人格形态。 This article analyzes and contrasts the ideal personality envisioned by early Confucian educators. In Confucius’s view, people’s good and evil do not lie in humanity itself, but in enlightenment of environment and nurture, that is, they need to be educated into consciously subdividing and integrating one’s personality in an equal and orderly social relationship people. Mencius and Xunzi argue that human nature is good or evil: Mencius’ theory of goodness holds that human nature is something that can be self-contained in human nature, and that evil is the calculation of utility by foreign objects. An ideal personality is able to While Xunzi’s theory of sexuality and evil points out that individuals without socialization are evil and that it is ideal for one to learn how to make the community and the community maintain and develop in the process of " Personality.