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目的:探究内镜下黏膜切除术（endoscopic mucosal resecfion, EMR）与内镜下黏膜剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection, ESD）治疗结直肠神经内分泌瘤（neuroendocrine tumors, NET）的临床疗效及淋巴结转移的高危因素。方法:回顾性分析2010年1月至2014年1月温州市中西医结合医院收治的148例结直肠NET患者的临床资料，根据治疗方案的不同将148例结直肠NET患者分为EMR组（n n=72）和ESD组（n n=76），EMR组行EMR治疗，ESD组行ESD治疗，比较两组手术情况、并发症发生情况，单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析结直肠NET患者术后淋巴结转移的影响因素。n 结果:ESD组手术时间、手术费用、整块切除率、组织学完全切除率显著高于EMR组[（28.28±8.05）vs（15.77±6.41）min;（5699.13±351.61）vs（2205.71±123.47）yuan; 76% vs 65%; 73% vs 62%; n P0.05）；年龄、性别不同的结直肠NET患者术后淋巴结转移情况差异无统计学意义（n P>0.05）；浸润深度、淋巴管浸润、WHO分级、手术方案不同的结直肠NET患者，两组术后淋巴结转移情况差异有统计学意义（n P0.05) , while had statistic difference among patients with different infiltration depth, lymphatic infiltration, WHO grade, surgery methods (n P<0.05) . Lymphatic infiltration and surgical methods were the influencing factors of postoperative lymph node metastasis in patients with colorectal neuroendocrine tumor (n P<0.05) .n Conclusions:Compared with EMR, ESD in treatment of colorectal neuroendocrine tumors has a higher rate of total resection and histological resection, and a lower incidence rate of complications and lymph node metastasis. Patients with lymphatic vessel infiltration, and inappropriate surgical procedure have high risk of postoperative lymph node metastasis. ESD is worthy of promotion.