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企业改革的总体思路:通过“合资”变“家庭成员”为“自主企业” (一)“企业”与“家庭”的区别 我国现有的“国有企业”,严格地讲,根本不是企业,它们仅仅是附属于政府的一些工厂和商店。真正的企业是工业化和现代化的产物。企业实质上是不同产权主体之间的一种契约。从这个意义上讲,企业既是一个生产单位,又是一个市场——一个相对固定的内部市场。在计划经济体制下,国有工厂(商店)不是一个产权主体,其资源配置是由政府用行政手段完成的,而不是通过不同产权主体之间的市场交换来完成的。没有不同产权主体之间的交换便不需要
The general idea of enterprise reform: through “joint ventures” to change “family members” to “independent enterprises” (1) The difference between “enterprise” and “family” The existing “state-owned enterprises” in China, strictly speaking, are not enterprises at all. They are It is only a few factories and shops attached to the government. The real enterprise is the product of industrialization and modernization. An enterprise is essentially a contract between different property rights subjects. In this sense, an enterprise is both a production unit and a market - a relatively fixed internal market. Under the planned economy system, the state-owned factory (shop) is not a property right subject, and its resource allocation is accomplished by the government using administrative means, rather than through market exchange between different ownership entities. There is no need for exchange between different property rights subjects.