Pauling在1932年首先提出元素电负性的概念,他认为电负性是“原子在分子中吸引电子的能力”,自从这个概念提出到现在已有三十余年,目前在化学的很多分支、很多方面应用了这个概念。这个概念不论是涵义、计算方法、应用范围、理论根据都在不断发展和争论中。苏联在1962年4月5—6日专门召开了一次电负性概念的讨论会。现把各方面的情况介绍如下。 (一)电负性值的计算到目前为止计算电负性值的方法很多,大体上可分如下几类: (1)Pauling的热化学法:这是Pauling首先提 Pauling first proposed the concept of elemental electronegativity in 1932. He considered electronegativity as “the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a molecule.” Since the concept was proposed for more than thirty years now, many branches of chemistry, In many ways the concept is applied. This concept, regardless of its meaning, method of calculation, scope of application and theoretical basis, is constantly evolving and debated. The Soviet Union held a special seminar on the concept of electronegativity on April 5-6, 1962. Now the situation in various aspects are as follows. (A) Calculation of Electronegativity Value There are many ways to calculate the electronegativity value so far, and can be roughly divided into the following categories: (1) Pauling’s thermochemical method: This is Pauling’s first mention