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目的探讨超声软指标在染色体异常产前筛查中的价值。方法选取2011年1月-2013年12月于桂林医学院附属医院行常规产前检查的1 034例产妇为观察对象,观察所有产妇产前超声检查结果,随访胎儿染色体核型检查结果,分析超声软指标与染色体核型检查中染色体异常的关系。结果在1 034例产妇中,801例1项超声软指标异常,311例2项超声软指标异常,81例3项超声软指标异常,66例3项以上超声软指标异常。经胎儿染色体核型检查,共有35例产妇明确诊断为染色体异常。在1项、2项、3项及3项以上超声软指标异常患者中染色体异常所占百分率分别为4.37%、11.25%、43.21%及76.09%。3项以上超声软指标阳性对染色体异常筛查的灵敏度、特异性、准确性最高。2项、3项及3项以上超声软指标阳性均在染色体异常筛查中价值显著,但是3项以上超声软指标阳性的筛查价值明显高于1项、2项及3项超声软指标阳性(P<0.05)。结论 3项以上超声软指标阳性对于胎儿染色体异常有着明确的筛查价值。
Objective To investigate the value of ultrasound soft index in prenatal screening for chromosomal abnormalities. Methods From January 2011 to December 2013, 1 034 maternal prenatal tests at the Guilin Medical College Affiliated Hospital were selected as observational objects. The results of prenatal ultrasound examination were observed and the results of fetal karyotype examination were followed up. The ultrasonography Relationship between soft index and chromosomal abnormalities in karyotype examination. Results Of the 1,034 mothers, 801 cases had one ultrasound soft index abnormality, 311 cases 2 ultrasound soft indexes abnormalities, 81 cases 3 ultrasound soft indexes abnormalities and 66 cases more than 3 ultrasound soft indexes abnormalities. After fetal chromosome karyotype examination, a total of 35 cases of maternal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities. The percentage of chromosomal abnormalities in patients with abnormal ultrasound soft indexes of 1, 2, 3 and 3 were 4.37%, 11.25%, 43.21% and 76.09% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of three or more positive items of ultrasound soft index were the highest. The positives of 2, 3 and 3 ultrasound soft indices were significant in chromosomal abnormalities screening, but the screening value of 3 or more ultrasound soft indices was significantly higher than 1, 2 and 3 were positive (P <0.05). Conclusion The positive results of more than three ultrasound soft indices have clear value in screening fetal chromosomal abnormalities.