创新型学校理论和学习型学校理论是改革开放以来影响教育实践领域较大的学校改进理论,前者是对学校制度创新的系统阐释,后者重在以共同愿景驱动学校整体变革。两种理论对学校发展都有很好的启示,也产生了一定的效果。但是由于二者没有彻底回到中国教育场景,还是犯下了理论与实践两张皮的毛病。中国学校发展需要基于学校问题本身,直面“培养”与“研究”两者的背离,努力实现理论与实践的有机统一。 Innovative school theory and learning school theory are the theories of school improvement that have great influence on educational practice since the reform and opening up. The former is a systematic explanation of institutional innovation in the school, while the latter focuses on driving the school’s overall change with a common vision. Both theories have good enlightenment on the development of the school and also have certain effect. However, due to the fact that the two did not completely return to the Chinese education scene, they still committed two flaws in theory and practice. The development of Chinese schools needs to face the divergence between “cultivating” and “researching” based on the school issue itself, so as to realize the organic unification of theory and practice.