‘听’、说’、‘读’、‘写’能力是小学语文的重要的基本能力。现实教学中重‘读’、‘写’能力的培养,轻‘听’、‘说’能力的培养的做法是不足取的。正确的做法是‘听’、‘说’、‘读’、‘写’四项能力的培养训练并重。小学语文‘听’的能力培养要注意听叙述类文章的能力培养和听抒情类文章的能力培养;小学语文‘说’的能力培养要注意课堂回答的能力培养和表达完整意思的能力培养。 Listening, speaking, reading and writing are important basic skills in primary school Chinese. In practice teaching, it is not enough to cultivate the ability of reading, writing, or listening, speaking or speaking. The correct approach is to train both ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing. The ability to cultivate students’ abilities to listen to narrative essays and the ability to listen to lyric essays should be noticed in their abilities of listening and speaking in primary schools.