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随着氮素化肥使用量的增加和灌溉的普及,硝酸盐对环境的污染也愈加严重。试验表明,农作物从土壤中摄取的氮素养分,一般仅占施氮肥量的一半,加上有机物在土壤中分解,生成天然的硝酸盐,土壤中的硝酸盐就对环境带来很大的威胁。一些地区鱼类遭害,池塘湖泊水源不宜饮用,严重者人畜饮用后致病,甚至致死。多次研究证明,微生物在这方面起了极为重要的作用。在嫌气条件下,以及在有像有机碳这样的能源物质情况下,硝酸盐能被还原成氮气,释放到大气中。
With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer usage and the popularization of irrigation, the pollution of nitrate on the environment is also more serious. Experiments show that crop nitrogen uptake from soil generally accounts for only half of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and organic matter decomposes in the soil to produce natural nitrates. Nitrates in the soil pose a great threat to the environment . Some areas of fish victims, ponds, lakes and water sources should not be drinking, serious human and animal disease, or even death after drinking. Several studies have shown that microorganisms play an extremely important role in this regard. Under anaerobic conditions, as well as in the case of energy sources like organic carbon, nitrate can be reduced to nitrogen and released into the atmosphere.