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为了解冰川前缘土壤微生物在原生演替过程中的生态特征及其影响因素,用空间距离代替时间序列,以乌鲁木齐河源1号冰川终碛堤为起点,沿6个不同演替时期(0,4,15,31,43a和对照)的样带采集土样,以冰川附近发育良好的土壤为对照,测定土壤酶活性、微生物氮矿化与脱氨作用以及微生物生物量。结果表明,土壤脲酶、蛋白酶、酸性磷酸酶、芳基硫酸酯酶、蔗糖酶活性、微生物氮矿化及脱氨作用随演替时间而增加,微生物生物量碳和氮变化呈波动状,趋势不明显。相关分析表明,土壤有机质与酶活、微生物生物量存在极显著正相关(P<0.01)。1号冰川前缘微生物多样性指数随着演替时间持续增加,但目前仍未达稳定状态。
In order to understand the ecological characteristics and the influencing factors of soil microbes in the primary succession of the glacier, space time was used to replace the time series. Based on the end moraine dike of the Glacier No. 1 in the source region of Urumqi, 4, 15, 31, 43a and control), soil enzyme activities, microbial nitrogen mineralization and deammoniation, and microbial biomass were measured using well-developed soil near the glacier. The results showed that the soil urease, protease, acid phosphatase, aryl sulfatase, invertase activity, microbial nitrogen mineralization and deammoniation increased with the succession time, the microbial biomass C and N fluctuated, the trend is not obvious. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between soil organic matter and enzyme activity and microbial biomass (P <0.01). The index of microbial diversity in the front of Glacier No. 1 continued to increase with succession time, but it is still not stable yet.