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丁醇是大宗基础化工原料,并有望成为新一代生物燃料。利用可再生原料通过微生物发酵生产丁醇受到人们的很大关注。然而,与石油原料制造丁醇相比,目前生物丁醇的制造成本偏高。生物丁醇制造技术按重要性排序:在廉价原料替代、低丁醇浓度及存在丙酮、乙醇低值副产物3个方面有改进空间。上海生物丁醇协作组设定了由易到难的技术路线图:通过代谢工程提高丁醇比例;在丁醇高耐受菌株中导入和优化丁醇合成途径;去除葡萄糖阻遏效应使之可利用复杂原料。协作组相信,通过与国内外广泛的产学研合作,应可在不远的将来开发出有经济竞争力并可持续发展的生物丁醇生产工艺。
Butanol is the bulk of the basic chemical raw materials, and is expected to become a new generation of biofuels. The use of renewable raw materials to produce butanol by microbial fermentation has drawn great attention. However, the current manufacturing costs of butanol are higher than the production of butanol from petroleum raw materials. Biobutanol manufacturing techniques are ranked by their importance: there is room for improvement in three areas: low-cost feedstock substitution, low butanol concentration and the presence of low-value by-products of acetone and ethanol. Shanghai Biobutanol Collaborative Group sets the roadmap from easy to difficult: increasing the butanol ratio through metabolic engineering; introducing and optimizing the butanol synthesis pathway in high-tolerance butanol strains; removing the glucose repression effect to make it available Complex raw materials. The Collaboration believes that through its extensive cooperation with industry and research institutes both at home and abroad, it should be possible to develop an economically competitive and sustainable bio-butanol production process in the near future.