目的 :研究乳腺摄影中辐射剂量在其乳腺体内的分布情况、受照剂量及增加滤板后乳腺受照剂量的变化。方法 :以石蜡乳腺模型为研究对象 ,利用热释光剂量计测量摄影检查中乳腺体内的 X射线照射剂量。结果 :沿X射线入射方向乳腺体表面吸收剂量最大 ,随深度增加吸收剂量急剧减小 ,且大部分辐射能量沉积在乳腺体的上半部 ,加滤板可减少这部分能量沉积。结论 :分层加权平均更能反映乳腺的实际吸收剂量 ,同时采用适当厚度的滤板可有效降低乳腺上部的吸收剂量 ,提高乳腺摄影的利益代价比。 OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of radiation dose in mammary gland, the dose of irradiation and the dose of mammary gland after the filter plate increase. Methods: The paraffin model of breast as the research object, the use of thermoluminescence dosimeter to measure the X-ray dose of breast in photographic examination. Results: The absorbed dose of the mammary gland was the largest along the direction of X-ray incidence. The absorbed dose decreased sharply with the increase of depth. Most of the radiant energy was deposited in the upper half of the mammary gland. Adding filter plates could reduce the energy deposition. Conclusion: The stratified weighted average can better reflect the actual absorbed dose of mammary gland. Meanwhile, using appropriate thickness of filter plate can effectively reduce the absorbed dose of the upper part of mammary gland and increase the benefit cost ratio of breast photograph.