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在法律的运用当中,有两种基本的法律操作方法:涵摄和权衡。在过去的几十年中,涵摄往往被放在了一个举足轻重的位置,而与此同时,人们给予权衡更多的是疑问。这些疑问中最为重要的是,权衡到底是不是一种理性的操作程序。一、涵摄公式当然,把个案置于法律规则之下的涵摄方法是否具有理性也极大地被争论着。在这里,最为引人注目的进步是把涵摄认定为一种形式上的结构,把它与法律运用中经常见到的实质性论辩分离开了。涵摄的形式结构可以用演绎这种逻辑形态表示出来,如下:
There are two basic legal approaches to applying law: culvert and trade-off. Over the past few decades, culmination has often been placed at a pivotal position, while at the same time people weigh the more questions. The most important of these questions is whether trade-offs are rational operating procedures. First, the culmination of the formula Of course, the case under the rule of law of the culmination of the method is also very controversial. Here, the most remarkable advance is the recognition of Culhardon as a formal structure that separates it from the substantive argument often seen in the application of law. The formal structure of Census can be expressed by deducing this logical form as follows: